Prior to the discovery of Martinique by Columbus in 1493, the island was inhabited by Arawak and Carib Indians and was known as Madinina (‘Island of flowers’). French colonies were established in 1635, and the region has remained under French control ever since, except for a few attempts by the British to gain control. In 1946, the island, along with Guadalupe, was incorporated into the French nation with the status of Overseas Department.

Martinique’s culture is a unique blend of French and Caribbean cultures. The island has a distinct Creole culture. The Creole language is an important part of the island’s rich oral tradition. When it comes to music, zouk is a popular musical style. Calypso and soca are played mostly during the Carnival.

Located in the eastern Caribbean Sea, its western shore faces the Caribbean, and its eastern shore fronts the Atlantic. The north of the island is mountainous and forested. The infamous volcano Mont Pelée is the most dominating of the mountains. The white sand beaches in the south contrast the grey sand beaches created by volcanic ash, along the irregular coastline.