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Probably an ancient Greek settlement called Aspalathos. Emperor Diocletian
constructed there around AD 300 a luxurious palace in which he resided until
his death and where he was buried. After his death (AD 313) the Palace was used
as a residence of expelled Roman emperors and their family members (Julius Nepos).
When Salona was conquered around AD 614 by the Avars and Slavs, its citizens
fled to find shelter within the walls of Diocletian's Palace. A new settlement
soon developed; the former diocese of Solin was re-established already in the
7th century.
Split acknowledged the supremacy of the Byzantine emperors from
AD 812 to 1069 when it was annexed to Croatia by King Petar Kresimir IV. In
1105 the city acknowledged the nominal suzerainty of Hungarian-Croatian kings,
having preserved its autonomy based on its ancient municipal rights.
From 1207 the citizens elected Croatian, Hum and Bosnian feudal lords for their
priors and commissioners (Duke Domald, Petar of Hum, Grgur of Bribir, Pavao
and Mladen Subic, Hrvoje Vukcic Hrvatinic). In 1420 Split acknowledged the protectorate
of Venice which tried to strengthen its position in Dalmatia and restrict the
rights of the cities.
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