It is advisable to get vaccinated against hepatitis A, tuberculosis, typhoid and influenza before entering the country. There is a risk of tick-borne encephalitis in rural areas. There have been outbreaks of bird flu in a number of regions of Russia, including around Moscow. Travellers are advised to avoid contact with domestic, caged and wild birds and ensure that all poultry and egg dishes are well cooked. Local state medical facilities are of low standard; visitors are advised to have full insurance for medical treatment and accidents. UK nationals are entitled to free healthcare.

Travellers are strongly advised against travelling to Chechnya, Ingushetia, Dagestan and the eastern and southern parts of Stavropol Krai, as these regions are highly volatile to terrorism. Visitors are advised to be vigilant, particularly in tourist areas, and also to watch out for pickpockets and street crime, especially in large cities.